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Answers to Properties of Matter Questions

Q.    A volume of 8 liters of gas has a pressure of 50 kPa and a temp of 27oC.

a)    If the pressure were increased to 300 kPa without changing he temperature what would be the resulting volume?

V1 = 8 liters

P1 = 50 kPa

T1 = 27o C = 300 K

If the temperature is constant, then pressure is inversely proportional to the volume ( Boyle's Law) that is P a 1/V or PV = constant

P1V1 = P2V2

P2 = 300 kPa

50 x 103 x 8 = 300 x 103 x V2

V2 = (50 x 103 x 8)/(300 x 103) = 1.33 liters

b)    If the temperature was raised to 627o C while maintaining the original pressure, what would be the final volume?

If the pressure is kept constant, then volume is directly proportional to temperature (Charle's Law) that is V a T or V/T = constant

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2      T2 = 627o C = 900K

8 / 300 = V2 / 900

V2 = (900 x 8)/300 = 24 liters

c)    What would be the resulting volume if the temperature was raised to 627oC and the pressure increased to 300 kPa simultaneously?

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

Now T2 = 627oC = 900 K and P2 = 300 x 103 Pa

(50 x 103 x 8)/300 = (300 x 103 x V2)/900

V2 = (50 103 x 8 x 900)/(300 x 300 x 103) = 4 liters

 

Q. A cord is 5.71e+1 meters long and 1.56 mm in diameter. When it supports a 1.41 kg load it stretches 3.50 cm. What is the Young's modulus of the cord's material?

 A.

length l = 5.71 x 10 m = 57.1 m

d = 1.56 mm = 1.56 x 10-3 m

r = 0.78 x 10-3m

m = 1.41 kg

Increase in length ?l = 3.5 x 10-2 m

Area of cross section A = p (0.78 x 10 -3)2 m2

=1.91 x 10-6 m2

Young's modulus Y = (F/A)/(?l/l) = stress / strain = F l /A ?l

where F=mg=1.41 x 9.8 = 13.82

Y = (13.82 x 57.1)/(1.91 x 10-6 x 3.5 x -2) = 11.8 x 109 N/m2


Can Archimedes principle be used to measure the density of  a solid object?  Can it be applied to the problem of  measuring the density of a fluid?  Write an equation that will handle these two problems.

 


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